The New Quality Management Tools
In general Quality Management tools focus on helping organisations collect and analyse data for employees to understand and interpret the information. It plays a crucial role in improving the quality of products and services. Quality Management tools make the data easily understandable and enable employees to identify processes to rectify defects and find solutions to specific problems. Some of the quality management tools are Check list, Pareto Chart, The Cause and Effect Diagram, Histogram, Graphs, and Scatter Diagrams.
I'm sure you might have heard about at least one of these tools during the college days or your career, but, today we are not going to focus on these but the New Quality management Tools.
The term "New Quality Management Tools" doesn't mean that new tools have been introduced but it refers to previously unused tools that teams put to use to consistently achieve an expected result.
The Original Seven new management tools came about in 1976. In 1976, the Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) saw the need for tools to promote innovation, communicate information and successfully plan major projects. A team researched and developed the seven quality management and planing tools, or simple seven management tools. These tools allow teams to assess situations from variety of angles, prioritise tasks, work systematically, anticipate future events, and get things right.
Now Let us look into the seven quality management tools
- Affinity Diagram: This allows teams to gather large amount of data including ideas and opinions and organise it into groups based on natural relationships. A affinity diagram is the organization of ideas into a natural or common relationship. For example, Maruti Swift, Tata Altroz, Mahindra XUV300, and Skoda Rapid would be grouped as Four Wheelers, while Honda Activa, Suzuki Access 125, TVS Jupiter, and Yamaha Ray ZR would be grouped as Two Wheelers. This help teams in tapping into their creativity and gut instincts.
- Tree Diagrams: This helps to move data from the general to the specific, creating more finely grained analysis that breaks down information into sub-categories. This leads to a better strategies for addressing problems. It depicts the hierarchy of tasks and sub-tasks. The digram starts with one item that branches into two or more, each of which branch into two or more, and so on.
- PDPC (Process Decision Program Chart): It contains a list of steps linked together in sequence that shows the events likely to occur by putting a new process into place. They are helpful to analyse solutions in a situation that is fluid or uncertain. By using PDPC, you can either revise the plan to avoid the problems or be ready with best response when a problems occurs.
- Matrix Diagrams: A matrix diagram depicts the relationship between multiple groups of information and is designed to show the relative strengths ad weakness of these relationships. A matrix Diagram can also make the overall structure of a problem immediately clearly. This shows the relationship between two, three, or four groups of information.
- Interrelationship Diagraphs: An interrelationship diagram or digraphs breaks down a complex situation by showing the cause and effect relationships between critical functions in a complicated process. They are most useful at the planning stage and offer a clearer view of the potential issues in a complex process. It encourages team members to think in multiple directions rather than linearly.
- Prioritisation Matrices: A privatisation matrix is designed to help teams elect the best choices from a range of options. It is an L-Shaped matrix that makes comparisons between established criteria and option using an evaluation based on numerical data.
- Activity network Diagram: Also known as an arrow diagram, an activity network diagram shows the relationship between tasks needed to implement a process. It helps teams determine the best scheduling for process and identify and potential problems.
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